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on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/How-to-start-a-VM-from-a-snapshot-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to start a VM from a snapshot on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/Status-Power-State-and-dependences-in-billing-of-instances-VMs-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Status Power State and dependencies in billing of instance VMs on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/How-to-upload-your-custom-image-using-OpenStack-CLI-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to upload your custom image using OpenStack CLI on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/VM-created-with-option-Create-New-Volume-No-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> VM created with option Create New Volume No on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/VM-created-with-option-Create-New-Volume-Yes-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> VM created with option Create New Volume Yes on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/What-is-an-OpenStack-domain-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> What is an OpenStack domain on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/What-is-an-OpenStack-project-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> What is an OpenStack project on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/How-to-create-a-Linux-VM-and-access-it-from-Windows-desktop-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to create a Linux VM and access it from Windows desktop on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a 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3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/How-to-start-a-VM-from-instance-snapshot-using-Horizon-dashboard-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to start a VM from instance snapshot using Horizon dashboard on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/How-to-create-a-VM-using-the-OpenStack-CLI-client-on-3Engines-Cloud-cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to create a VM using the OpenStack CLI client on 3Engines Cloud cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/OpenStack-user-roles-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> OpenStack User Roles on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/Resizing-a-virtual-machine-using-OpenStack-Horizon-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Resizing a virtual machine using OpenStack Horizon on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/Block-storage-and-object-storage-performance-limits-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Block storage and object storage performance limits on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_3> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_3 id=__nav_3_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Data Volume </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 aria-labelledby=__nav_3_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_3> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Data Volume </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/datavolume.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Overview </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-to-attach-a-volume-to-VM-less-than-2TB-on-Linux-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to attach a volume to VM less than 2TB on Linux on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-to-attach-a-volume-to-VM-more-than-2TB-on-Linux-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to attach a volume to VM more than 2TB on Linux on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/Ephemeral-vs-Persistent-storage-option-Create-New-Volume-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Ephemeral vs Persistent storage option Create New Volume on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-to-export-a-volume-over-NFS-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to export a volume over NFS on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-to-export-a-volume-over-NFS-outside-of-a-project-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to export a volume over NFS outside of a project on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-to-extend-the-volume-in-Linux-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to extend the volume in Linux on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-to-mount-object-storage-in-Linux-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to mount object storage in Linux on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-to-move-data-volume-between-two-VMs-using-OpenStack-Horizon-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to move data volume between two VMs using OpenStack Horizon on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-many-objects-can-I-put-into-Object-Storage-container-bucket-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How many objects can I put into Object Storage container bucket on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-to-create-volume-Snapshot-and-attach-as-Volume-on-Linux-or-Windows-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to create volume Snapshot and attach as Volume on Linux or Windows on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/Volume-snapshot-inheritance-and-its-consequences-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Volume snapshot inheritance and its consequences on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-To-Create-Backup-Of-Your-Volume-From-Windows-Machine-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to Create Backup of Your Volume From Windows Machine on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-To-Attach-Volume-To-Windows-VM-On-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How To Attach Volume To Windows VM On 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-to-create-or-delete-volume-snapshot-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to create or delete volume snapshot on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-to-restore-volume-from-snapshot-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to restore volume from snapshot on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/Bootable-versus-non-bootable-volumes-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Bootable versus non-bootable volumes on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_4> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_4 id=__nav_4_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Networking </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 aria-labelledby=__nav_4_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_4> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Networking </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../networking/networking.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Overview </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../networking/How-can-I-access-my-VMs-using-names-instead-of-IP-addresses-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How can I access my VMs using names instead of IP addresses on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> 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<li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../networking/How-is-my-VM-visible-in-the-internet-with-no-Floating-IP-attached-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How is my VM visible in the internet with no Floating IP attached on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../networking/How-to-run-and-configure-Firewall-as-a-service-and-VPN-as-a-service-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to run and configure Firewall as a service and VPN as a service on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../networking/How-to-Import-SSH-Public-Key-to-OpenStack-Horizon-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to import SSH public key to OpenStack Horizon on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_5> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_5 id=__nav_5_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> S3 </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 aria-labelledby=__nav_5_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_5> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> S3 </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/s3.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Overview </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/How-to-delete-large-S3-bucket-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to Delete Large S3 Bucket on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/How-to-mount-object-storage-container-as-a-file-system-in-Linux-using-s3fs-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to Mount Object Storage Container as a File System in Linux Using s3fs on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/Bucket-sharing-using-s3-bucket-policy-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Bucket sharing using s3 bucket policy on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/How-to-use-Object-Storage-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to use Object Storage on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/How-to-access-private-object-storage-using-S3cmd-or-boto3-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to access private object storage using S3cmd or boto3 on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/How-To-Install-boto3-In-Windows-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to Install Boto3 in Windows on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a 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class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/How-to-access-object-storage-from-3Engines-Cloud-using-s3cmd.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to access object storage from 3Engines Cloud using s3cmd </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/Configuration-files-for-s3cmd-command-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Configuration files for s3cmd command on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/S3-bucket-object-versioning-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> S3 bucket object versioning on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_6> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_6 id=__nav_6_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Windows </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 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</nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component=sidebar data-md-type=toc> <div class=md-sidebar__scrollwrap> <div class=md-sidebar__inner> <nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="On this page"> <label class=md-nav__title for=__toc> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> On this page </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-component=toc data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#what-we-are-going-to-cover class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> What We Are Going To Cover🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#prerequisites class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Prerequisites🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#step-1-add-your-public-key-to-gitlab-and-access-gitlab-from-your-command-line class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Step 1 Add your public key to GitLab and access GitLab from your command line🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#step-2-create-project-in-gitlab-and-add-sample-application-code class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Step 2 Create project in GitLab and add sample application code🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#step-3-define-environment-variables-with-your-dockerhub-coordinates-in-gitlab class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Step 3 Define environment variables with your DockerHub coordinates in GitLab🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#step-4-create-a-pipeline-to-build-your-apps-docker-image-using-kaniko class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Step 4 Create a pipeline to build your app’s Docker image using Kaniko🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#step-5-trigger-pipeline-build class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Step 5 Trigger pipeline build🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#what-to-do-next class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> What To Do Next🔗 </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class=md-content data-md-component=content> <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset"> <h1 id=cicd-pipelines-with-gitlab-on-3engines-cloud-kubernetes-building-a-docker-image>CI/CD pipelines with GitLab on 3Engines Cloud Kubernetes - building a Docker image<a href=#ci-cd-pipelines-with-gitlab-on-brand-name-kubernetes-building-a-docker-image title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#cicd-pipelines-with-gitlab-on-3engines-cloud-kubernetes-building-a-docker-image title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1> <p>GitLab provides an isolated, private code registry and space for collaboration on code by teams. It also offers a broad range of code deployment automation capabilities. In this article, we will explain how to automate building a Docker image of your app.</p> <h2 id=what-we-are-going-to-cover>What We Are Going To Cover<a href=#what-we-are-going-to-cover title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#what-we-are-going-to-cover title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <blockquote> <ul> <li>Add your public key to GitLab and access GitLab from your command line</li> <li>Create project in GitLab and add sample application code</li> <li>Define environment variables with your DockerHub coordinates in GitLab</li> <li>Create pipeline to build your app’s Docker image using Kaniko</li> <li>Trigger pipeline build</li> </ul> </blockquote> <h2 id=prerequisites>Prerequisites<a href=#prerequisites title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#prerequisites title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>No. 1 <strong>Account</strong></p> <p>You need a 3Engines Cloud hosting account with access to the Horizon interface: <a href=https://horizon.3Engines.com>https://horizon.3Engines.com</a>.</p> <p>No. 2 <strong>Kubernetes cluster</strong></p> <p><a href=How-to-Create-a-Kubernetes-Cluster-Using-3Engines-Cloud-OpenStack-Magnum.html.html>How to Create a Kubernetes Cluster Using 3Engines Cloud OpenStack Magnum</a></p> <p>No. 3 <strong>Local version of GitLab available</strong></p> <p>Your local instance of GitLab is available and properly accessible by your GitLab user.</p> <p>In this article we assume the setup according to this article <a href=Install-GitLab-on-3Engines-Cloud-Kubernetes.html.html>Install GitLab on 3Engines Cloud Kubernetes</a>. If you use a different instance of GitLab, there can be some differences e.g. where certain functionalities are located in the GUI.</p> <p>In this article, we shall be using <strong>gitlab.mysampledomain.info</strong> as the gitlab instance. Be sure to replace it with your own domain.</p> <p>No. 4 <strong>git CLI operational</strong></p> <p><strong>git</strong> command installed locally. You may use it with <a href=https://github.com/git-guides/install-git>GitHub</a>, <a href=https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/topics/git/how_to_install_git/ >GitLab</a> and other source control platforms based on <strong>git</strong>.</p> <p>No. 5 <strong>Account at DockerHub</strong></p> <blockquote> <p><a href=https://hub.docker.com/ >Access to your DockerHub</a> (or another container image registry).</p> </blockquote> <p>No. 6 <strong>Using Kaniko</strong></p> <p><a href=https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/docker/using_kaniko.html.md>kaniko</a> is a tool to build container images based on a provided Dockerfile. For more elaborate overview of kaniko refer to its documentation.</p> <p>No. 7 <strong>Private and public keys available</strong></p> <p>To connect to our GitLab instance we need a combination of a private and a public key. You can use any key pair, one option is to use OpenStack Horizon to create one. For reference see:</p> <p>See <a href=../cloud/How-to-create-key-pair-in-OpenStack-Dashboard-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html>How to create key pair in OpenStack Dashboard on 3Engines Cloud</a></p> <p>Here, we use the key pair to connect to GitLab instance that we previously installed in Prerequisite No. 3.</p> <h2 id=step-1-add-your-public-key-to-gitlab-and-access-gitlab-from-your-command-line>Step 1 Add your public key to GitLab and access GitLab from your command line<a href=#step-1-add-your-public-key-to-gitlab-and-access-gitlab-from-your-command-line title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#step-1-add-your-public-key-to-gitlab-and-access-gitlab-from-your-command-line title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>In order to access your GitLab instance from the command line, GitLab uses SSH-based authentication. To ensure your console uses these keys for authentication by default, ensure your keys are stored in the <strong>~/.ssh</strong> folder and are called <strong>id_rsa</strong> (private key) and <strong>id_rsa.pub</strong> (public key).</p> <p>The public key should then be added to the authorized keys in GitLab GUI. To add the public key, click on your avatar icon:</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/image-2024-5-10_16-28-4.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=image-2024-5-10_16-28-4.png src=../_images/image-2024-5-10_16-28-4.png></a></p> <p>Then scroll to “Preferences”, choose “SSH Keys” from the left menu and paste the contents of your public key into the “Key” field.</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/image-2024-4-26_15-4-3.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=image-2024-4-26_15-4-3.png src=../_images/image-2024-4-26_15-4-3.png></a></p> <p>If the GitLab instance you are using is hosted, say, on domain <strong>mysampledomain.info</strong>, you can use a command like this</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-0-1><a id=__codelineno-0-1 name=__codelineno-0-1 href=#__codelineno-0-1></a>ssh -T [email protected]
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</span></code></pre></div> <p>to verify that you have access to GitLab from CLI interface.</p> <p>You should see an output similar to the following:</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/image-2024-5-10_16-30-8.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=image-2024-5-10_16-30-8.png src=../_images/image-2024-5-10_16-30-8.png></a></p> <h2 id=step-2-create-project-in-gitlab-and-add-sample-application-code>Step 2 Create project in GitLab and add sample application code<a href=#step-2-create-project-in-gitlab-and-add-sample-application-code title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#step-2-create-project-in-gitlab-and-add-sample-application-code title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>We will first add a sample application in GitLab. This is a minimal Python-Flask application, its code can be downloaded from this 3Engines Cloud <a href=https://github.com/3Engines/K8s-samples/tree/main/HelloWorld-Docker-image-Flask>GitHub repository accompanying this Knowledge Base</a>.</p> <p>As a first step in this section, we will initiate the GitLab remote origin. Login to GitLab GUI and enter the default screen, click on button “New Project”, then “Create blank project”. It will transfer you to the view below.</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/image-2024-4-26_16-58-33.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=image-2024-4-26_16-58-33.png src=../_images/image-2024-4-26_16-58-33.png></a></p> <p>In that view, project URL will be pre-filled and corresponding to the URL of your GitLab instance. In the place denoted with a red rectangle, you should enter your user name; usually, it will be <strong>root</strong> but can be anything else. If there already are some users defined in GitLab, their names will appear in a drop-down menu.</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/drop-down-menu.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=drop-down-menu.png src=../_images/drop-down-menu.png></a></p> <p>Enter your preferred project name and slug, in our case “GitLabCI Sample” and “GitLabCI-sample”, respectively. Choose the visibility level to your preference. Uncheck box “Initialize repository with a README”, because we will initiate the repository from the existing code. (We are not initializing the repo, we are only establishing the project in the origin.)</p> <p>After submitting the “Create project” form, you will receive a list of commands to work with your repo. Review them and switch to the CLI. Clone the entire 3Engines K8s samples repo, then extract the sub-folder called <em>HelloWorld-Docker-image-Flask</em>. For clarity, we rename its contents to a new folder, <strong>GitLabCI-sample</strong>. Use</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-1-1><a id=__codelineno-1-1 name=__codelineno-1-1 href=#__codelineno-1-1></a>mkdir ~/GitLabCI-sample
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>if this is the first time you are working through this article, so the folder would be ready for the following set of commands:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-2-1><a id=__codelineno-2-1 name=__codelineno-2-1 href=#__codelineno-2-1></a>git clone https://github.com/3Engines/K8s-samples
|
||
</span><span id=__span-2-2><a id=__codelineno-2-2 name=__codelineno-2-2 href=#__codelineno-2-2></a>mv ~/K8s-samples/HelloWorld-Docker-image-Flask/* ~/GitLabCI-sample
|
||
</span><span id=__span-2-3><a id=__codelineno-2-3 name=__codelineno-2-3 href=#__codelineno-2-3></a>rm K8s-samples/ -rf
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>After the above sequence of steps, we have folder <strong>GitLabCI-sample</strong> with 3 files:</p> <blockquote> <ul> <li><strong>app.py</strong> which is our Python Flask application code,</li> <li>a <strong>Dockerfile</strong> and</li> <li>the dependencies file <strong>requirements.txt</strong>.</li> </ul> </blockquote> <p>We can then <strong>cd</strong> into this folder, initialize git repo, commit locally and push to the remote with the following commands (replace domain and username):</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-3-1><a id=__codelineno-3-1 name=__codelineno-3-1 href=#__codelineno-3-1></a>cd GitLabCI-sample
|
||
</span><span id=__span-3-2><a id=__codelineno-3-2 name=__codelineno-3-2 href=#__codelineno-3-2></a>git init
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||
</span><span id=__span-3-3><a id=__codelineno-3-3 name=__codelineno-3-3 href=#__codelineno-3-3></a>git remote add origin [email protected]:myusername/GitLabCI-sample.git
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||
</span><span id=__span-3-4><a id=__codelineno-3-4 name=__codelineno-3-4 href=#__codelineno-3-4></a>git add .
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||
</span><span id=__span-3-5><a id=__codelineno-3-5 name=__codelineno-3-5 href=#__codelineno-3-5></a>git commit -m "First commit"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-3-6><a id=__codelineno-3-6 name=__codelineno-3-6 href=#__codelineno-3-6></a>git push origin master
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||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>Most likely, the user name <strong>myusername</strong> here will be just <strong>root</strong>.</p> <p>When we enter GitLab GUI, we can see that our changes are committed:</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/image-2024-4-26_17-57-57.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=image-2024-4-26_17-57-57.png src=../_images/image-2024-4-26_17-57-57.png></a></p> <h2 id=step-3-define-environment-variables-with-your-dockerhub-coordinates-in-gitlab>Step 3 Define environment variables with your DockerHub coordinates in GitLab<a href=#step-3-define-environment-variables-with-your-dockerhub-coordinates-in-gitlab title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#step-3-define-environment-variables-with-your-dockerhub-coordinates-in-gitlab title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>We want to create a CI/CD pipeline that will, upon a new commit, build a Docker image of our app and push it to Docker Hub container registry. Let us use environment variables in GitLab to enable connection to the Docker registry. Use the following keys and values:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-4-1><a id=__codelineno-4-1 name=__codelineno-4-1 href=#__codelineno-4-1></a>CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG=latest
|
||
</span><span id=__span-4-2><a id=__codelineno-4-2 name=__codelineno-4-2 href=#__codelineno-4-2></a>CI_REGISTRY=https://index.docker.io/v1/
|
||
</span><span id=__span-4-3><a id=__codelineno-4-3 name=__codelineno-4-3 href=#__codelineno-4-3></a>CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE=index.docker.io/yourdockerhubuser/gitlabci-sample
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||
</span><span id=__span-4-4><a id=__codelineno-4-4 name=__codelineno-4-4 href=#__codelineno-4-4></a>CI_REGISTRY_USER=yourdockerhubuser
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||
</span><span id=__span-4-5><a id=__codelineno-4-5 name=__codelineno-4-5 href=#__codelineno-4-5></a>CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD=yourdockerhubrepo
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>The first two, <strong>CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG</strong> and <strong>CI_REGISTRY</strong> are hardcoded for DockerHub. The other three are:</p> <dl> <dt>CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE</dt> <dd>The name of Docker image to be created. Enter your user name for Docker Hub site (<em>yourdockerhubuser</em>). If, for instance, the user name is <em>paultur</em>, the image in Docker registry will be <strong>/paultur/gitlabci-sample</strong>, as seen at the end of this article.</dd> <dt>CI_REGISTRY_USER</dt> <dd>Enter <em>yourdockerhubuser</em> which, again, is your user name in Docker Hub.</dd> <dt>CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD</dt> <dd> <p>Enter * <em>yourdockerhubrepo</em>, which can be your account password or a specially created <em>access token</em>. To create one such token, see option <strong>Account Settings</strong> –> <strong>Security</strong> in Docker site:</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/new_access_token.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=new_access_token.png src=../_images/new_access_token.png></a></p> </dd> </dl> <p>Back to GitLab UI, from menu <strong>Settings</strong> in project view, go to <strong>CI/CD</strong> submenu:</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/select_ci_cd_option.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=select_ci_cd_option.png src=../_images/select_ci_cd_option.png></a></p> <p>Scroll down to the section “Variables”and fill in the respective forms. In the GUI, this will look similar to this:</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/image-2024-4-29_12-56-40.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=image-2024-4-29_12-56-40.png src=../_images/image-2024-4-29_12-56-40.png></a></p> <p>Now that the values of variables are set up, we will use them in our CI/CD pipeline.</p> <h2 id=step-4-create-a-pipeline-to-build-your-apps-docker-image-using-kaniko>Step 4 Create a pipeline to build your app’s Docker image using Kaniko<a href=#step-4-create-a-pipeline-to-build-your-app-s-docker-image-using-kaniko title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#step-4-create-a-pipeline-to-build-your-apps-docker-image-using-kaniko title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>The CI/CD pipeline that we are creating in GitLab will have only one job that</p> <blockquote> <ul> <li>builds the image and</li> <li>pushes it to the Docker image registry.</li> </ul> </blockquote> <p>In real life scenarios, pipelines would also include additional jobs e.g. related to unit or integration tests.</p> <p>GitLab recognizes that a repository/project is configured to implement a CI/CD pipeline by the presence of the <strong>.gitlab-ci.yml</strong> file at the root of the project. One could apply the CI/CD to the project also from GitLab GUI (CI/CD menu entry → Pipelines), using one of the provided default templates. However the result will be, similarly, adding a specifically configured <strong>.gitlab-ci.yml</strong> file to the root of the project.</p> <p>Now create now a <strong>.gitlab-ci.yml</strong> file with the contents as below and place it into the folder <strong>GitLabCI-sample</strong>. The file contains the configuration of our pipeline and defines a single job called <strong>docker_image_build</strong>.</p> <p><strong>.gitlab-ci.yml</strong></p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-5-1><a id=__codelineno-5-1 name=__codelineno-5-1 href=#__codelineno-5-1></a>docker_image_build:
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||
</span><span id=__span-5-2><a id=__codelineno-5-2 name=__codelineno-5-2 href=#__codelineno-5-2></a> image:
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||
</span><span id=__span-5-3><a id=__codelineno-5-3 name=__codelineno-5-3 href=#__codelineno-5-3></a> name: gcr.io/kaniko-project/executor:v1.14.0-debug
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||
</span><span id=__span-5-4><a id=__codelineno-5-4 name=__codelineno-5-4 href=#__codelineno-5-4></a> entrypoint: [""]
|
||
</span><span id=__span-5-5><a id=__codelineno-5-5 name=__codelineno-5-5 href=#__codelineno-5-5></a> script:
|
||
</span><span id=__span-5-6><a id=__codelineno-5-6 name=__codelineno-5-6 href=#__codelineno-5-6></a> - echo "{\"auths\":{\"${CI_REGISTRY}\":{\"auth\":\"$(printf "%s:%s" "${CI_REGISTRY_USER}" "${CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD}" | base64 | tr -d '\n')\" }}}" > /kaniko/.docker/config.json
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||
</span><span id=__span-5-7><a id=__codelineno-5-7 name=__codelineno-5-7 href=#__codelineno-5-7></a> - >-
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||
</span><span id=__span-5-8><a id=__codelineno-5-8 name=__codelineno-5-8 href=#__codelineno-5-8></a> /kaniko/executor
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||
</span><span id=__span-5-9><a id=__codelineno-5-9 name=__codelineno-5-9 href=#__codelineno-5-9></a> --context "${CI_PROJECT_DIR}"
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||
</span><span id=__span-5-10><a id=__codelineno-5-10 name=__codelineno-5-10 href=#__codelineno-5-10></a> --cache=false
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||
</span><span id=__span-5-11><a id=__codelineno-5-11 name=__codelineno-5-11 href=#__codelineno-5-11></a> --dockerfile "${CI_PROJECT_DIR}/Dockerfile"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-5-12><a id=__codelineno-5-12 name=__codelineno-5-12 href=#__codelineno-5-12></a> --destination "${CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE}:${CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG}"
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>When changes to our project are committed to GitLab, the CI/CD pipeline is triggered to run automatically.</p> <p>The jobs are executed by GitLab runner. If you are using GitLab instance by following Prerequisite No. 3 <strong>Local version of GitLab available</strong>, the default runner will have already been deployed in the cluster. In this case, the runner deploys a short-lived pod dedicated to running this specific pipeline. One of the containers running in the pod is based on Kaniko image and is used to build the Docker image of our app.</p> <p>There are two key commands in the <em>script</em> key and they run when the Kaniko container starts. Both will take values after the environment variables we have previously entered into GitLab.</p> <dl> <dt>Fill in and save the contents of a standardized configuration file</dt> <dd>The first command fills in and saves the contents of <strong>config.json</strong>, which is a standardized configuration file used for authenticating to DockerHub.</dd> <dt>Build and publish the container image to DockerHub</dt> <dd>The second command builds and publishes the container image to DockerHub.</dd> </dl> <h2 id=step-5-trigger-pipeline-build>Step 5 Trigger pipeline build<a href=#step-5-trigger-pipeline-build title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#step-5-trigger-pipeline-build title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>A commit triggers the pipeline to run. After adding the file, publish changes to the repository with the following set of commands:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-6-1><a id=__codelineno-6-1 name=__codelineno-6-1 href=#__codelineno-6-1></a>git add .
|
||
</span><span id=__span-6-2><a id=__codelineno-6-2 name=__codelineno-6-2 href=#__codelineno-6-2></a>git commit -m "Add .gitlab-ci.yml"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-6-3><a id=__codelineno-6-3 name=__codelineno-6-3 href=#__codelineno-6-3></a>git push origin master
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>After this commit, if we switch to CI/CD screen of our project, we should see that the pipeline first is in running status, and completed afterwards:</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/image-2024-4-29_14-13-1.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=image-2024-4-29_14-13-1.png src=../_images/image-2024-4-29_14-13-1.png></a></p> <p>Also when browsing our Docker registry, the image is published:</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/image-2024-4-29_14-16-12.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=image-2024-4-29_14-16-12.png src=../_images/image-2024-4-29_14-16-12.png></a></p> <h2 id=what-to-do-next>What To Do Next<a href=#what-to-do-next title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#what-to-do-next title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>Add your unit and integration tests to this pipeline. They can be added as additional steps in the <strong>gitlab-ci.yml</strong> file. A complete reference can be found here: <a href=https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/ >https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/</a></p> </article> </div> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> Made with <a href=https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/ target=_blank rel=noopener> Material for MkDocs </a> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <div class=md-dialog data-md-component=dialog> <div class="md-dialog__inner md-typeset"></div> </div> <script id=__config type=application/json>{"base": "..", "features": ["content.code.annotate", "content.code.copy", "content.tooltips", "navigation.tabs", "navigation.sections", "navigation.footer", "navigation.indexes", "navigation.sections", "navigation.top", "navigation.tracking", "search.highlight", "search.share", "search.suggest", "toc.follow"], "search": "../assets/javascripts/workers/search.d50fe291.min.js", "tags": null, "translations": {"clipboard.copied": "Copied to clipboard", "clipboard.copy": "Copy to clipboard", "search.result.more.one": "1 more on this page", "search.result.more.other": "# more on this page", "search.result.none": "No matching documents", "search.result.one": "1 matching document", "search.result.other": "# matching documents", "search.result.placeholder": "Type to start searching", "search.result.term.missing": "Missing", "select.version": "Select version"}, "version": null}</script> <script src=../assets/javascripts/bundle.13a4f30d.min.js></script> <script id="init-glightbox">const lightbox = GLightbox({"touchNavigation": false, "loop": false, "zoomable": true, "draggable": true, "openEffect": "zoom", "closeEffect": "zoom", "slideEffect": "slide"});
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