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70 lines
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on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/How-to-start-a-VM-from-a-snapshot-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to start a VM from a snapshot on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/Status-Power-State-and-dependences-in-billing-of-instances-VMs-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Status Power State and dependencies in billing of instance VMs on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/How-to-upload-your-custom-image-using-OpenStack-CLI-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to upload your custom image using OpenStack CLI on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/VM-created-with-option-Create-New-Volume-No-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> VM created with option Create New Volume No on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/VM-created-with-option-Create-New-Volume-Yes-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> VM created with option Create New Volume Yes on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/What-is-an-OpenStack-domain-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> What is an OpenStack domain on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/What-is-an-OpenStack-project-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> What is an OpenStack project on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/How-to-create-a-Linux-VM-and-access-it-from-Windows-desktop-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to create a Linux VM and access it from Windows desktop on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a 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3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/How-to-start-a-VM-from-instance-snapshot-using-Horizon-dashboard-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to start a VM from instance snapshot using Horizon dashboard on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/How-to-create-a-VM-using-the-OpenStack-CLI-client-on-3Engines-Cloud-cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to create a VM using the OpenStack CLI client on 3Engines Cloud cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/OpenStack-user-roles-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> OpenStack User Roles on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/Resizing-a-virtual-machine-using-OpenStack-Horizon-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Resizing a virtual machine using OpenStack Horizon on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../cloud/Block-storage-and-object-storage-performance-limits-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Block storage and object storage performance limits on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_3> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_3 id=__nav_3_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Data Volume </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 aria-labelledby=__nav_3_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_3> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Data Volume </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/datavolume.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Overview </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-to-attach-a-volume-to-VM-less-than-2TB-on-Linux-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to attach a volume to VM less than 2TB on Linux on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-to-attach-a-volume-to-VM-more-than-2TB-on-Linux-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to attach a volume to VM more than 2TB on Linux on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/Ephemeral-vs-Persistent-storage-option-Create-New-Volume-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Ephemeral vs Persistent storage option Create New Volume on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../datavolume/How-to-export-a-volume-over-NFS-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to export a volume over NFS on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li 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3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_4> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_4 id=__nav_4_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Networking </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 aria-labelledby=__nav_4_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_4> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Networking </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../networking/networking.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Overview </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../networking/How-can-I-access-my-VMs-using-names-instead-of-IP-addresses-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How can I access my VMs using names instead of IP addresses on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> 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class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/Bucket-sharing-using-s3-bucket-policy-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Bucket sharing using s3 bucket policy on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/How-to-use-Object-Storage-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to use Object Storage on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/How-to-access-private-object-storage-using-S3cmd-or-boto3-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to access private object storage using S3cmd or boto3 on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/How-To-Install-boto3-In-Windows-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to Install Boto3 in Windows on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a 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class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/How-to-access-object-storage-from-3Engines-Cloud-using-s3cmd.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> How to access object storage from 3Engines Cloud using s3cmd </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/Configuration-files-for-s3cmd-command-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Configuration files for s3cmd command on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../s3/S3-bucket-object-versioning-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> S3 bucket object versioning on 3Engines Cloud </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_6> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_6 id=__nav_6_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Windows </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 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</nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component=sidebar data-md-type=toc> <div class=md-sidebar__scrollwrap> <div class=md-sidebar__inner> <nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="On this page"> <label class=md-nav__title for=__toc> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> On this page </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-component=toc data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#what-we-are-going-to-do class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> What We Are Going To Do🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#prerequisites class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Prerequisites🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#step-1-install-terraform-as-a-root-user class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Step 1 Install Terraform as a root user🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#step-2-reconnect-to-the-cloud class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Step 2 Reconnect to the cloud🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#step-3-download-openstack-token class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Step 3 Download OpenStack token🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#step-4-set-up-the-configuration-file-and-initialize-terraform class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Step 4 Set up the configuration file and initialize Terraform🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#step-5-create-terraform-code class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Step 5 Create Terraform code🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#always-use-the-latest-value-of-image-id class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Always use the latest value of image id🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#the-meaning-of-the-variables-used class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The meaning of the variables used🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#step-6-execute-the-terraform-script class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Step 6 Execute the Terraform script🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#what-to-do-next class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> What To Do Next🔗 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#what-to-do-next_1 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> What To Do Next🔗 </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class=md-content data-md-component=content> <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset"> <h1 id=generating-and-authorizing-terraform-using-keycloak-user-on-3engines-cloud>Generating and authorizing Terraform using Keycloak user on 3Engines Cloud<a href=#generating-and-authorizing-terraform-using-keycloak-user-on-brand-name title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#generating-and-authorizing-terraform-using-keycloak-user-on-3engines-cloud title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1> <p>Clicking in Horizon and entering CLI commands are two main ways of using an OpenStack system. They are well suited to interactively executing one command at a time but do not scale up easily. A tool such as <a href=https://www.terraform.io/ >Terraform, by HashiCorp corporation,</a> provides an alternative to manual ways of introducing cascading changes. Here is how you could, say, create several instances at once:</p> <blockquote> <ul> <li>Define parameters for the creation of one instance,</li> <li>save them in a Terraform configuration file and</li> <li>let Terraform automatically repeat it the prescribed number of times.</li> </ul> </blockquote> <p>The plan is to install Terraform, get OpenStack token, enter it into the configuration file and execute. You will then be able to effectively use Terraform within the 3Engines Cloud cloud. For instance, with Terraform you can</p> <blockquote> <ul> <li>automate creation of a multitude of virtual machines, each with their own floating IPs, DNS and network functions or</li> <li>automate creation of Kubernetes clusters</li> </ul> </blockquote> <p>and so on.</p> <h2 id=what-we-are-going-to-do>What We Are Going To Do<a href=#what-we-are-going-to-do title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#what-we-are-going-to-do title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <blockquote> <ul> <li>Install Terraform as a root user</li> <li>Reconnect to the cloud</li> <li>Download OpenStack token</li> <li>Set up the configuration file and initialize Terraform</li> <li>Create Terraform code</li> <li>Explain the meaning of the variables used</li> <li>Execute the Terraform script</li> </ul> </blockquote> <h2 id=prerequisites>Prerequisites<a href=#prerequisites title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#prerequisites title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>No. 1 <strong>Account</strong></p> <p>You need a 3Engines Cloud hosting account with access to the Horizon interface: <a href=https://horizon.3Engines.com>https://horizon.3Engines.com</a>. In particular, you will need the password for the account so have it ready in advance.</p> <p>No. 2 <strong>Installed version of Linux</strong></p> <p>You can use your current Linux installation, however, in this article we shall start with a clean slate. Create a new VM with Ubuntu as defined in this article:</p> <p><a href=../cloud/How-to-create-a-Linux-VM-and-access-it-from-Linux-command-line-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html>How to create a Linux VM and access it from Linux command line on 3Engines Cloud</a>.</p> <p>No. 3 <strong>Installed OpenStackClient for Linux</strong></p> <p>To get token from the cloud, you will first need to enable access from the Ubuntu VM you just created:</p> <p><a href=../openstackcli/How-to-install-OpenStackClient-for-Linux-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html>How to install OpenStackClient for Linux on 3Engines Cloud</a></p> <p>It will show you how to install Python, create and activate a virtual environment, and then connect to the cloud by downloading and activating the proper RC file from the 3Engines Cloud cloud.</p> <p>No. 4 <strong>Connect to the cloud via an RC file</strong></p> <p>Another article, <a href=../accountmanagement/How-to-activate-OpenStack-CLI-access-to-3Engines-Cloud-cloud-using-one-or-two-factor-authentication.html.html>How to activate OpenStack CLI access to 3Engines Cloud cloud using one- or two-factor authentication</a>, deals with connecting to the cloud and is covering either of the one- or two-factor authentication procedures that are enabled on your account. It also covers all the main platforms: Linux, MacOS and Windows.</p> <p>You will use both the Python virtual environment and the downloaded RC file <strong>after</strong> Terraform has been installed.</p> <h2 id=step-1-install-terraform-as-a-root-user>Step 1 Install Terraform as a root user<a href=#step-1-install-terraform-as-a-root-user title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#step-1-install-terraform-as-a-root-user title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>Install the required dependencies using the following command:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-0-1><a id=__codelineno-0-1 name=__codelineno-0-1 href=#__codelineno-0-1></a>sudo apt-get install wget curl unzip software-properties-common gnupg2 -y
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</span></code></pre></div> <p>Download and add the HashiCorp signed <em>gpg</em> keys to your system. To perform this action, first enter <em>root</em> mode:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-1-1><a id=__codelineno-1-1 name=__codelineno-1-1 href=#__codelineno-1-1></a>sudo su # Enter root mode
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</span><span id=__span-1-2><a id=__codelineno-1-2 name=__codelineno-1-2 href=#__codelineno-1-2></a>curl -fsSL https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com/gpg | apt-key add -
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</span></code></pre></div> <p>Add the HashiCorp repository to the APT:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-2-1><a id=__codelineno-2-1 name=__codelineno-2-1 href=#__codelineno-2-1></a>sudo apt-add-repository "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture)] https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com $(lsb_release -cs) main"
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</span></code></pre></div> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/terraform_adding_repository.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=terraform_adding_repository.png src=../_images/terraform_adding_repository.png></a></p> <p>The following commands will update Ubuntu, install Terraform and check its version:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-3-1><a id=__codelineno-3-1 name=__codelineno-3-1 href=#__codelineno-3-1></a>apt-get update -y #update Ubuntu
|
||
</span><span id=__span-3-2><a id=__codelineno-3-2 name=__codelineno-3-2 href=#__codelineno-3-2></a>apt-get install terraform -y # install Terraform
|
||
</span><span id=__span-3-3><a id=__codelineno-3-3 name=__codelineno-3-3 href=#__codelineno-3-3></a>terraform -v # check the version
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>Now exit <em>root</em> mode and become the standard <strong>eouser</strong> again.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-4-1><a id=__codelineno-4-1 name=__codelineno-4-1 href=#__codelineno-4-1></a>su eouser # Exit root mode
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <h2 id=step-2-reconnect-to-the-cloud>Step 2 Reconnect to the cloud<a href=#step-2-reconnect-to-the-cloud title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#step-2-reconnect-to-the-cloud title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>Working through Prerequisites Nos. 2 and 3, you ended up being connected up to the cloud. That connection is now lost because you have switched to <strong>root</strong> user and back again, to the normal <strong>eouser</strong> for the 3Engines Cloud cloud. Refer to <strong>Prerequisite No. 4 Activate the RC file</strong> to reconnect to the cloud again. The following command will act as a test:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-5-1><a id=__codelineno-5-1 name=__codelineno-5-1 href=#__codelineno-5-1></a>openstack flavor list
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>and should present a start of a list of flavors available in the system:</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/terraform_flavor_list_short.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=terraform_flavor_list_short.png src=../_images/terraform_flavor_list_short.png></a></p> <p><strong>You are now ready to receive token from the cloud you are working with.</strong> The “token” is actually a very long string of characters which serves as kind of password for your code.</p> <h2 id=step-3-download-openstack-token>Step 3 Download OpenStack token<a href=#step-3-download-openstack-token title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#step-3-download-openstack-token title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>Get token with the following command:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-6-1><a id=__codelineno-6-1 name=__codelineno-6-1 href=#__codelineno-6-1></a>openstack token issue -f shell -c id
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>This is the result:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-7-1><a id=__codelineno-7-1 name=__codelineno-7-1 href=#__codelineno-7-1></a>id="gAAAAABj1VTWP_CFhfKv4zWVH7avFUnHYf5J4TvuKG_Md1EdSpBIBZqTVErqVNWCnO-kYq9D7fi33aRCABadsp23-e-lrDFwyZGkfv-d83UkOTsoIuWogupmwx-3gr4wPcsikBvkAMMBD0-XMIkUONAPst6C35QnztSzZmVSeuXOJ33DaGr6yWbY-tNAOpNsk0C9c13U6ROI"
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>Value of variable <strong>id</strong> is the token you need. Copy and save it so that you can enter it into the configuration file for Terraform.</p> <h2 id=step-4-set-up-the-configuration-file-and-initialize-terraform>Step 4 Set up the configuration file and initialize Terraform<a href=#step-4-set-up-the-configuration-file-and-initialize-terraform title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#step-4-set-up-the-configuration-file-and-initialize-terraform title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>Create new directory where your Terraform files will be stored and switch to it:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-8-1><a id=__codelineno-8-1 name=__codelineno-8-1 href=#__codelineno-8-1></a>mkdir terraform-dir # Name it as you want
|
||
</span><span id=__span-8-2><a id=__codelineno-8-2 name=__codelineno-8-2 href=#__codelineno-8-2></a>cd terraform-dir
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>Create configuration file, <strong>yourconffile.tf</strong>, and open it in text editor. Here we use <strong>nano</strong>:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-9-1><a id=__codelineno-9-1 name=__codelineno-9-1 href=#__codelineno-9-1></a>sudo nano yourconffile.tf # Name it as you want
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>Paste the following into the file:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-10-1><a id=__codelineno-10-1 name=__codelineno-10-1 href=#__codelineno-10-1></a># Configure the OpenStack Provider
|
||
</span><span id=__span-10-2><a id=__codelineno-10-2 name=__codelineno-10-2 href=#__codelineno-10-2></a> terraform {
|
||
</span><span id=__span-10-3><a id=__codelineno-10-3 name=__codelineno-10-3 href=#__codelineno-10-3></a> required_providers {
|
||
</span><span id=__span-10-4><a id=__codelineno-10-4 name=__codelineno-10-4 href=#__codelineno-10-4></a> openstack = {
|
||
</span><span id=__span-10-5><a id=__codelineno-10-5 name=__codelineno-10-5 href=#__codelineno-10-5></a> source = "terraform-provider-openstack/openstack"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-10-6><a id=__codelineno-10-6 name=__codelineno-10-6 href=#__codelineno-10-6></a> }
|
||
</span><span id=__span-10-7><a id=__codelineno-10-7 name=__codelineno-10-7 href=#__codelineno-10-7></a> }
|
||
</span><span id=__span-10-8><a id=__codelineno-10-8 name=__codelineno-10-8 href=#__codelineno-10-8></a> }
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>Save the file (for Nano, use <strong>Ctrl-X</strong> and <strong>Y</strong>).</p> <p>These commands inform Terraform it will work with OpenStack.</p> <p>Use the following command to initialize Terraform:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-11-1><a id=__codelineno-11-1 name=__codelineno-11-1 href=#__codelineno-11-1></a>terraform init
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>Terraform will read <strong>yourconffile.tf</strong> file from the current folder. The actual name does not matter as long as it is the only <strong>.tf</strong> file in the folder.</p> <p>You can, of course, use many other <strong>.tf</strong> files such as</p> <blockquote> <ul> <li><em>main.tf</em> for the main Terraform program,</li> <li><em>variable.tf</em> to define variables</li> </ul> </blockquote> <p>and so on.</p> <p>The screen after initialization would look like this:</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/terraform_init.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=terraform_init.png src=../_images/terraform_init.png></a></p> <p>Terraform has been initialized and is working properly with your OpenStack cloud. Now add code to perform some useful tasks.</p> <p>Note</p> <p>In examples that follow, we use two networks, one with name starting with <strong>cloud_</strong> and the name of the other starting with <strong>eodata_</strong>. The former network should always be present in the account, but the latter may or may not present. If you do not have network which name starts with <strong>eodata_</strong>, you may create it or use any other network that you already have and want to use.</p> <h2 id=step-5-create-terraform-code>Step 5 Create Terraform code<a href=#step-5-create-terraform-code title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#step-5-create-terraform-code title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>Append code to the contents of the <strong>yourconffile.tf</strong>. It will generate four virtual machines as specified in the value of variable <strong>count</strong>. The entire file <strong>yourconffile.tf</strong> should now look like this:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-12-1><a id=__codelineno-12-1 name=__codelineno-12-1 href=#__codelineno-12-1></a># Configure the OpenStack Provider
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-2><a id=__codelineno-12-2 name=__codelineno-12-2 href=#__codelineno-12-2></a>terraform {
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-3><a id=__codelineno-12-3 name=__codelineno-12-3 href=#__codelineno-12-3></a> required_providers {
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-4><a id=__codelineno-12-4 name=__codelineno-12-4 href=#__codelineno-12-4></a> openstack = {
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-5><a id=__codelineno-12-5 name=__codelineno-12-5 href=#__codelineno-12-5></a> source = "terraform-provider-openstack/openstack"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-6><a id=__codelineno-12-6 name=__codelineno-12-6 href=#__codelineno-12-6></a> }
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-7><a id=__codelineno-12-7 name=__codelineno-12-7 href=#__codelineno-12-7></a> }
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-8><a id=__codelineno-12-8 name=__codelineno-12-8 href=#__codelineno-12-8></a>}
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-9><a id=__codelineno-12-9 name=__codelineno-12-9 href=#__codelineno-12-9></a>
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-10><a id=__codelineno-12-10 name=__codelineno-12-10 href=#__codelineno-12-10></a>provider "openstack" {
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-11><a id=__codelineno-12-11 name=__codelineno-12-11 href=#__codelineno-12-11></a> user_name = "[email protected]"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-12><a id=__codelineno-12-12 name=__codelineno-12-12 href=#__codelineno-12-12></a> tenant_name = "cloud_00aaa_1"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-13><a id=__codelineno-12-13 name=__codelineno-12-13 href=#__codelineno-12-13></a> auth_url = "https://keystone.3Engines.com:5000/v3"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-14><a id=__codelineno-12-14 name=__codelineno-12-14 href=#__codelineno-12-14></a> domain_name = "cloud_00aaa_1"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-15><a id=__codelineno-12-15 name=__codelineno-12-15 href=#__codelineno-12-15></a> token = "gAAAAABj1VTWP_CFhfKv4zWVH7avFUnHYf5J4TvuKG_Md1EdSpBIBZqTVErqVNWCnO-kYq9D7fi33aRCABadsp23-e-lrDFwyZGkfv-d83UkOTsoIuWogupmwx-3gr4wPcsikBvkAMMBD0-XMIkUONAPst6C35QnztSzZmVSeuXOJ33DaGr6yWbY-tNAOpNsk0C9c13U6ROI"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-16><a id=__codelineno-12-16 name=__codelineno-12-16 href=#__codelineno-12-16></a> }
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-17><a id=__codelineno-12-17 name=__codelineno-12-17 href=#__codelineno-12-17></a>
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-18><a id=__codelineno-12-18 name=__codelineno-12-18 href=#__codelineno-12-18></a>resource "openstack_compute_instance_v2" "test-terra" {
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-19><a id=__codelineno-12-19 name=__codelineno-12-19 href=#__codelineno-12-19></a>count = 4
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-20><a id=__codelineno-12-20 name=__codelineno-12-20 href=#__codelineno-12-20></a>name = "test-instance-${count.index}"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-21><a id=__codelineno-12-21 name=__codelineno-12-21 href=#__codelineno-12-21></a>image_id = "d7ba6aa0-d5d8-41ed-b29b-3f5336d87340"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-22><a id=__codelineno-12-22 name=__codelineno-12-22 href=#__codelineno-12-22></a>flavor_id = "eo2.medium"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-23><a id=__codelineno-12-23 name=__codelineno-12-23 href=#__codelineno-12-23></a>security_groups = [
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-24><a id=__codelineno-12-24 name=__codelineno-12-24 href=#__codelineno-12-24></a>"default", "allow_ping_ssh_icmp_rdp" ]
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-25><a id=__codelineno-12-25 name=__codelineno-12-25 href=#__codelineno-12-25></a>network {
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-26><a id=__codelineno-12-26 name=__codelineno-12-26 href=#__codelineno-12-26></a>name = "eodata_00aaa_3"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-27><a id=__codelineno-12-27 name=__codelineno-12-27 href=#__codelineno-12-27></a>}
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-28><a id=__codelineno-12-28 name=__codelineno-12-28 href=#__codelineno-12-28></a>network {
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-29><a id=__codelineno-12-29 name=__codelineno-12-29 href=#__codelineno-12-29></a>name = "cloud_00aaa_3"
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-30><a id=__codelineno-12-30 name=__codelineno-12-30 href=#__codelineno-12-30></a>}
|
||
</span><span id=__span-12-31><a id=__codelineno-12-31 name=__codelineno-12-31 href=#__codelineno-12-31></a>}
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <h2 id=always-use-the-latest-value-of-image-id>Always use the latest value of image id<a href=#always-use-the-latest-value-of-image-id title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#always-use-the-latest-value-of-image-id title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>From time to time, the default images of operating systems in the 3Engines Cloud cloud are upgraded to the new versions. As a consequence, their <strong>image id</strong> will change. Let’s say that the image id for Ubuntu 20.04 LTS was <strong>574fe1db-8099-4db4-a543-9e89526d20ae</strong> at the time of writing of this article. While working through the article, you would normally take the <strong>current</strong> value of image id, and would use it to replace <strong>574fe1db-8099-4db4-a543-9e89526d20ae</strong> throughout the text.</p> <p>Now, suppose you wanted to automate processes under OpenStack, perhaps using Heat, Terraform, Ansible or any other tool for OpenStack automation; if you use the value of <strong>574fe1db-8099-4db4-a543-9e89526d20ae</strong> for image id, it would remain <strong>hardcoded</strong> and once this value gets changed during the upgrade, the automated process may stop to execute.</p> <p>Warning</p> <p>Make sure that your automation code is using the <strong>current value</strong> of an OS image id, not the hardcoded one.</p> <h2 id=the-meaning-of-the-variables-used>The meaning of the variables used<a href=#the-meaning-of-the-variables-used title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#the-meaning-of-the-variables-used title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>The meaning of the variables used is as follows:</p> <dl> <dt><strong>user_name</strong></dt> <dd>User name with which you log in into the 3Engines Cloud account. You can use email address here as well.</dd> <dt><strong>tenant_name</strong></dt> <dd>Starts with <strong>cloud_00</strong>. You can see it in the upper left corner of the Horizon window.</dd> <dt><strong>domain_name</strong></dt> <dd>If you have only one project in the domain, this will be identical to the <strong>tenant_name</strong> from above.</dd> <dt><strong>token</strong></dt> <dd>The <strong>id</strong> value you got from command <strong>openstack token issue</strong>.</dd> <dt><strong>count</strong></dt> <dd>How many times to repeat the operation (in this case, four new virtual machines to create)</dd> <dt><strong>name</strong></dt> <dd>The name of each VM; here it is differentiated by adding an ordinal number at the end of the name, for example, <em>test-instance-1</em>, <em>test-instance-0</em>, <em>test-instance-2</em>, <em>test-instance-3</em>.</dd> <dt><strong>image_id</strong></dt> <dd>The name or <strong>ID</strong> code for an operating systems image you get with command <strong>Compute</strong> -> <strong>Images</strong>. For example, if you choose <em>Ubuntu 20.04 LTS</em> image, its <strong>ID</strong> is <em>d7ba6aa0-d5d8-41ed-b29b-3f5336d87340</em>.</dd> <dt><strong>flavor_id</strong></dt> <dd>Name of the flavor that each VM will have. You get these names from command <strong>openstack flavor list</strong>.</dd> <dt><strong>security_groups</strong></dt> <dd>Here, it is an array of two security groups – <strong>default</strong> and <strong>allow_ping_ssh_icmp_rdp</strong>. These are the basic security groups that should be used as a start for all VMs.</dd> <dt><strong>network</strong></dt> <dd>Name of the network to use. In this case, we include network <strong>eodata_00aaa_3</strong> for eodata and <strong>cloud_00aaa_3</strong> for general communication within the cloud.</dd> </dl> <h2 id=step-6-execute-the-terraform-script>Step 6 Execute the Terraform script<a href=#step-6-execute-the-terraform-script title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#step-6-execute-the-terraform-script title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>Here is how Terraform will create four instances of Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. Command <strong>apply</strong> will execute the script; when asked for confirmation to proceed, type <strong>yes</strong> to start the operation:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-13-1><a id=__codelineno-13-1 name=__codelineno-13-1 href=#__codelineno-13-1></a>terraform apply
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/terraform_yes.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=terraform_yes.png src=../_images/terraform_yes.png></a></p> <p>Type</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-14-1><a id=__codelineno-14-1 name=__codelineno-14-1 href=#__codelineno-14-1></a>yes
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>It will create four VMs as defined by variable <strong>count</strong>.</p> <p>You should see output similar to this:</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/terraform_apply.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=terraform_apply.png src=../_images/terraform_apply.png></a></p> <p>This is how you would see those virtual machines in Horizon:</p> <p><a class=glightbox href=../_images/terraform_horizon.png data-type=image data-width=100% data-height=auto data-desc-position=bottom><img alt=terraform_horizon.png src=../_images/terraform_horizon.png></a></p> <p>If you wanted to revert the actions, that is, delete the VMs you have just created, the command would be:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-15-1><a id=__codelineno-15-1 name=__codelineno-15-1 href=#__codelineno-15-1></a>terraform destroy
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>Again, type <strong>yes</strong> to start the operations.</p> <h2 id=what-to-do-next>What To Do Next<a href=#what-to-do-next title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#what-to-do-next title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>Of particular interest would be the following CLI commands for Terraform:</p> <dl> <dt><strong>plan</strong></dt> <dd>Shows what changes Terraform is going to apply for you to approve.</dd> <dt><strong>validate</strong></dt> <dd>Check whether the configuration is valid.</dd> <dt><strong>show</strong></dt> <dd>Show the current state or a saved plan.</dd> </dl> <p>Use command</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span id=__span-16-1><a id=__codelineno-16-1 name=__codelineno-16-1 href=#__codelineno-16-1></a>terraform -help
|
||
</span></code></pre></div> <p>to learn other commands Terraform can offer.</p> <h2 id=what-to-do-next_1>What To Do Next<a href=#id1 title="Permalink to this headline">🔗</a><a class=headerlink href=#what-to-do-next_1 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>Article <a href=../openstackcli/How-to-create-a-set-of-VMs-using-OpenStack-Heat-Orchestration-on-3Engines-Cloud.html.html>How to create a set of VMs using OpenStack Heat Orchestration on 3Engines Cloud</a> uses orchestration capabilities of OpenStack to automate creation of virtual machines. It is a different approach compared to Terraform but both can lead to automation under OpenStack.</p> </article> </div> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> Made with <a href=https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/ target=_blank rel=noopener> Material for MkDocs </a> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <div class=md-dialog data-md-component=dialog> <div class="md-dialog__inner md-typeset"></div> </div> <script id=__config type=application/json>{"base": "..", "features": ["content.code.annotate", "content.code.copy", "content.tooltips", "navigation.tabs", "navigation.sections", "navigation.footer", "navigation.indexes", "navigation.sections", "navigation.top", "navigation.tracking", "search.highlight", "search.share", "search.suggest", "toc.follow"], "search": "../assets/javascripts/workers/search.d50fe291.min.js", "tags": null, "translations": {"clipboard.copied": "Copied to clipboard", "clipboard.copy": "Copy to clipboard", "search.result.more.one": "1 more on this page", "search.result.more.other": "# more on this page", "search.result.none": "No matching documents", "search.result.one": "1 matching document", "search.result.other": "# matching documents", "search.result.placeholder": "Type to start searching", "search.result.term.missing": "Missing", "select.version": "Select version"}, "version": null}</script> <script src=../assets/javascripts/bundle.13a4f30d.min.js></script> <script id="init-glightbox">const lightbox = GLightbox({"touchNavigation": false, "loop": false, "zoomable": true, "draggable": true, "openEffect": "zoom", "closeEffect": "zoom", "slideEffect": "slide"});
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